TNF and influenza: Immunomodulatory activity of quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside versus inflammatory reactions of influenza infection by propagation of influenza virus in Madin Darby–Canine kidney (MDCK) cells and incubation of quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (150 μg/ml) for 48 h indicated reduction of TNF-α expression and increased IL-27 expression as pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, respectively [181].