APOE and Brain atrophy: Furthermore, a longitudinal study showed that APOE ε4 accelerated brain atrophy in superior temporal gyrus in healthy older participants.39 The right precentral cortex, left superior frontal cortex and right caudal middle frontal cortex showed thinner cortex or lower grey matter volume already in middle-aged healthy individuals with APOE ε4.40,41 Our results extend the existing knowledge about the relationship between APOE ε4 and altered cortical morphology from middle-aged and older people to young healthy adults, when Ad pathology was unlikely.