APP and Alzheimer disease: Redox proteomic studies have identified proteins involved in metabolism, cell signaling, pH regulation, neuronal communication, antioxidation and detoxification, neurotransmitter regulation, tau phosphorylation and regulation of APP processing in the context of AD and neurodegeneration (Perluigi et al., 2009; Sultana et al., 2013; Di Domenico et al., 2017), and thus indicating that oxidative modifications by 4-HNE likely play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD.