INS and diabetes mellitus: Diabetes mellitus is defined by aberrant serum insulin levels or insensitivity of target tissues to insulin action and is associated with improper carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism [1].Diabetesaffects 425 million people worldwide in 2017, with the number expected to rise to roughly 629 million by 2045 [2].Diabetic ketoacidosis, non-ketotic hyperosmolar coma, and diabetic coma are the acute consequencesof diabetes.