Clinical studies have also found that ERS-related proteins IRE1, PERK, and CHOP are downregulated in SLE patients, and XBP1 and midbrain stellate cell-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) are upregulated, suggesting that these proteins may be involved in the pathogenesis of SLE [38]. The gene discussed is XBP1; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.