These OS-related genes include p53, RB, C-FOS, TWIST, p14ARF, p16INK4a, NF2, p27, PRKAR1A, and p21CIP. 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101 These genes belong to the family of cancer suppressor genes, except C-FOS and TWIST. Silencing cancer suppressor genes and enhancing the expression of oncogenes are commonly used methods to construct transgenic models; among them, silencing p53 and RB is often used to construct OS models.96 The gene discussed is TWIST1; the disease is cancer.