During infection by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), KDM4A is SUMOylated at Lys 471 by the SUMO-2/3-specific E3 ligase KSHV K-bZIP in a SUMO-interacting motif (SIM)-dependent manner, and this modification is indispensable for KDM4A-mediated stabilization of chromatin association and gene transactivation.25 Here, KDM4A is linked to infection.