HMGB1 and polycystic ovary syndrome: However, high level of HMGB1 levels may result in female reproductive disorders, including recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) (21), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (22), preterm birth (PTB) (23), preeclampsia (PE) (24), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (25), and endometriosis (26).