Pooled estimates showed no change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels after vitamin D fortification, but indicated a decrease in fasting serum glucose (FSG), fasting serum insulin (FSI), and HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) and an increase in insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1). This evidence concerns the gene IGF1 and Insulin resistance.