Steatotic HCC accounted for 23% of non-viral HCC cases, which showed an immune-rich, yet immune-exhausted, tumor immune microenvironment characterized by T cell exhaustion, infiltration of M2 macrophages and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), high expression of immune PD-L1, and activation of TGF-β signaling. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.