TXNIP and Alzheimer disease: Previous studies have demonstrated the significant involvement of VDUP1 in various disease pathogeneses, including diabetes [22], cardiovascular diseases [39], Alzheimer’s disease [28], endotoxic shock [40], nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) [31], gastric carcinogenesis [33], and bladder carcinogenesis [41] using animal disease models.