In complex pathogenesis of SIRS, increasing attention is being paid to the activity of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-18) released by activated macrophages, neutrophilic granulocytes, and dendritic cells, and ROS created in the course of “respiratory burst” of neutrophils [19,20,21,37,38]. This evidence concerns the gene IL18 and systemic inflammatory response syndrome.