Additionally, a qRT-PCR analysis of 99 diffuse glioma specimens (including oligodendrogliomas, oligoastrocytomas, astrocytomas, and glioblastomas) and 11 nontumor specimens highlighted higher PDIA3 expression levels in diffuse glioma specimens, especially in glioblastoma, compared to normal brain tissues [20]. This evidence concerns the gene PDIA3 and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma).