PAPPA and preeclampsia: Another significant study [70] showed that PAPP-A and PlGF MoMs (Multiples of Median) values were significantly reduced among early-onset PE cases (0.57 and 0.60), followed by preterm PE (0.63 and 0.67), all PE (0.74 and 0.74), and gestational hypertension (0.89 and 0.86) cases relative to controls (0.99 and 1.00) for first-trimester PAPP-A and PlGF, respectively.