CACNA1D and Parkinson disease: Cav1.3 L-type calcium channel activity contributes to mitochondrial oxidant stress in SNc and LC neurons [53,54,55,56,57]; inhibition of L-type calcium channels with isradipine attenuates mitochondrial oxidant stress in SNc and LC neurons, is neuroprotective in mouse models of Parkinson’s disease, and prevents chronic meth-induced degeneration of SNc and LC neurons in male mice [36,42,54,56,58,59].