CD4 and gestational diabetes: Flow cytometric data displayed that the proportion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells in lymphocytes of control pregnant mice, GDM mice, and GDM mice treated with probiotics was (0.81 ± 0.04)%, (0.34 ± 0.05)% (p = 0.0003, comparison between control pregnant mice and GDM mice), (0.70 ± 0.10)% (p = 0.0012, comparison between GDM mice and GDM mice treated with probiotics), respectively (Fig. 6A).