Moreover, a number of ISGs associated with the antiviral innate immune response were specifically up-regulated in hTSCs, such as SLC15A3, IL15RA, BATF2, ISG20, FCGR1A, MAP3K14, IRF7, ETV7, IFNLR1, RSAD2, IFI35, TRIM25 and TNFAIP3. Interestingly, IFITM1 and IFITM3, which are restriction factors blocking the entry of many viruses, were increased in hTSCs after ZIKV infection (Fig. 3f). Here, BATF2 is linked to Zika virus infectious disease.