ISG15 and Zika virus infectious disease: Since hTSCs served as the main target cells for ZIKV infection, we sorted ZIKV-infected hTSCs by FACS and validated the changed ISGs after ZIKV infection by qRT-PCR analysis, indicating that several important antiviral ISGs were activated following ZIKV infection, including IFITs, IFIH1, EPSTI1, OASs, OADL, APOL6, IFI27, ISG15, PARP12 and IFITM1/3, which was consistent with the results of RNA-seq (Fig. 3g).