PDCD1 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Immunotherapy has come a long way in recent years, and ICBs like anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies have completely changed how HNSCC is treated.[58] However, the majority of HNSCC patients were resistant to PD-1 blocking, and the response rate was only 20% to 30%.[59] Therefore, it is crucial to anticipate patients’ response to immunotherapy for the purpose of developing better treatment options.