Additionally, CDCA1-derived peptide vaccine treatment was tolerable and might effectively induce peptide specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes for castration resistant prostate cancer patients in a phase I clinical trial.[20] CDCA2, another member of the CDCA family, was overexpressed in primary PCa and positively correlated with poor prognosis in patients with PCa.[21] Similarly, CDCA5 expression affected the prognosis of PCa patients, it has revealed that patients with high CDCA5 expression had a high initial PSA. This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and prostate carcinoma.