EPO and anemia (phenotype): Patients with MHD are at high risk of infection, and infection is one of the leading causes of death in MHD patients.16 Malnutrition is an important complication of MHD and affects the quality of life and the effect of dialysis in patients with MHD, and is also closely related to prognosis.17 Patients with MHD often develop hypoalbuminemia and anemia due to insufficient energy and protein intake, excessive dialysis or urinary protein loss, increased protein catabolism, and decreased erythropoietin.