This is likely to be one of the main mechanisms that pathogens promote tumor metastasis.60 In addition to CXCR4 receptors, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpressed in many types of cancer cells are also potential receptors responsible for binding with AIP and activating intracellular signaling cascade that resulting in tumor metastasis.57 Here, EGFR is linked to cancer.