TGFB1 and neoplasm: The most important aspect of the PI3K/AKt signalling pathway is the activation of AKT and the production of p-AKT: the inhibition of caspase-9, Bcl-2 and TGF-β lead to the inhibition of tumour cell apoptosis2; the activation of eNOS leads to increases in NO, migration and invasion rates3; and the activation of mTOM facilitates the synthesis of growth-related proteins, which leads to active tumour cell proliferation.