The AC5 ORF of tomato chlorotic mottle virus (ToCMoV) and watermelon chlorotic stunt virus (WmCSV) encodes proteins of 250 and 255 amino acids, respectively, which are not essential for the virus infection cycle, according to mutant analysis (Kheyr-Pour et al., 2000; Fontenelle et al., 2007), indicating that the role of AC5/C5 might be diverse in different geminiviruses. Here, ADCY5 is linked to viral infectious disease.