SMAD2 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: It improves the genomic stability and pluripotency of aged induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by activating the DNA repair machinery (203), alleviates liver fibrosis by increasing SMAD2 deacetylation (204), and inhibits cell proliferation in multiple cancer types including HCC (202) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (205).