AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: Despite the fact that Liver Societies have the same screening recommendations (abdominal ultrasonography every six months with or without serum alpha-fetoprotein) in patients with cirrhosis irrespective of HCC risk (9–11), HCC surveillance is still underutilized in clinical practice, especially in patients with cirrhosis caused by NASH as many studies have reported poor compliance with these screening recommendations (12–15).