CD4 and reading: In the READ cohort, the Ma3, Ma4, Mo0, neutrophil, NK-KLRC1, and Treg clusters showed higher infiltration abundance in tumor tissues; however, the expression levels of CD4+Tfh, CD8+Tex, CD8+Trm, germinal center B cells, Ma1, Ma2, MAIT, memory B, Mo3, and pDC clusters were higher in normal tissues than those in tumor tissues (p < 0.05) (Figure 5B).