INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: According to Chinese guidelines for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes in 2020 (53), CVII can be the preferred route for blood glucose control in critically ill patients, those undergoing emergency surgery and those undergoing large and medium-sized surgery because the insulin is rapidly absorbed, can achieve a higher plasma concentration after 1 h of administration, and can correct the hyperglycemic state more quickly (26), so the incidence of hyperglycemia in the CVII group is the lowest.