Treatment of PCa PDE tissues with 4-MU for 48 h resulted in marked suppression of the proliferative marker Ki67, from a mean of 26.2% positively stained epithelial cells in control-treated PDE tissues to 5.4% and 1.5% in PDE tissues treated with 0.5 mM and 1 mM 4-MU, respectively (Fig. 3j). Here, ALDH7A1 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.