PTPN2 regulates a variety of pathophysiological processes involving atherosclerosis, including endothelial injury, monocyte proliferation and migration, macrophage polarization, T cell polarization, autophagy, pyroptosis, and insulin resistance (L. Nie et al., 2013; Spalinger et al., 2018; Yang et al., 2022; You et al., 2015). Here, PTPN2 is linked to Insulin resistance.