Activation of de-SUMO-ized Drp1 disrupts mitochondrial dynamics, and increasing SUMO-ized Drp1 levels in retinal microvascular endothelial cells by inhibiting SENP3 expression reduces hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial damage and apoptosis, thereby attenuating retinal permeability and increasing DR (163). This evidence concerns the gene DNM1L and Hyperglycemia.