The tumors in HBs-HepR mice were inflammation-associated HCC, characterized by increased CD8 + T cells and their low production of IL-2, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, and similar to HBV-related HCC in patients, which was distinguished from diethylnitrosamine-induced HCC, TGF-β-activated kinase 1 knockout-induced HCC, HCC in a stelic animal model, or NASH-induced HCC. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.