For example, while endothelin-3 (Edn3), which is involved in the development of cardiac hypertrophy (43, 44), was similarly upregulated in the hearts of mice on either diet, 1 week after TAC, Edn3 expression levels began to decline in the absence of dietary BCAAs (Supplemental Figure 15). The gene discussed is EDN3; the disease is cardiac hypertrophy.