Our findings demonstrate that the A allele and the AA/GA genotypes of the IL-17 − 197 G > A (rs2275913) SNP are associated with higher serum levels of IL-17 and might be associated with a higher risk of contracting DR-TB strains in comparison to the susceptibility to the DS strains in Egyptian patients with pulmonary TB, raising the concept of screening individuals at a high risk of catching the DR-TB strains for this polymorphism and that medical interventions aimed at regulating circulating IL-17 levels could be used as preventive and therapeutic measures for these patients. The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is pulmonary tuberculosis.