First, the maftools package was used to display the mutations in the top20 genes in the TCGA-ESCC high- and low-risk groups, including TP53、TTN、NFE2L2、CSMD3、KMT2D、FLG、MUC16、NOTCH1、PIK3CA、ZNF750、DNAH5、HYDIN、NOTCH3、OBSCN、PCLO、SYNE2、DST、FAT3、PKHD1L1、RYR2 (Fig. 9A). This evidence concerns the gene PKHD1L1 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.