REN and Hypertension: Hypertension caused by volume expansion, activation of the renin-angiotensin system, or arteriosclerosis is highly prevalent among patients receiving dialysis and associated with increased mortality.1, 2, 3, 4 Achieving optimal dry weight after assessment of volume status, ensuring adequate duration of dialysis, restricting dietary sodium, and use of antihypertensive medications are measures that lead toward optimal blood pressure.