Hypoxia induced abnormal activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in the immune microenvironment, and also upregulated LDHA and GLUT1 to cause glycolysis, which promoted the progression of HCC and led to enhanced drug resistance of cancer cells (Zhou et al., 2022). This evidence concerns the gene SLC2A1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.