In an autopsy series of neuropathological AD, only one-third had AD-only pathology (and even within this group, between 30% and 50% had at least one infarct), 50% had additional TDP-43 pathology, 22% had additional α-synuclein pathology, and 18% had additional combined α-synuclein and TDP-43 pathology (Karanth et al., 2020). This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and Alzheimer disease.