HSPD1 and cancer: As shown in Fig. 1A, it showed that there were higher HSPD1 levels in 19 cancer samples compared to normal samples (Fig. 1A), including breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA), colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), esophageal carcinoma (ESCA), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), rectum adenocarcinoma (READ) and stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD).