It promotes inflammatory responses, which causes many of the clinical problems associated with autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, refractory asthma, etc. An association was reported between rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis and increased AMD diagnosis46, and another report showed increased plasma TNFα in complement factor H (CFH) AMD-risk variant carriers47, pointing out a possible role for TNFα in AMD. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and inflammatory bowel disease.