Correlation analysis revealed strong linear associations between BCL2L13 and important autophagy-related genes, including MAP1LC3B, BECN1, ATG3, ATG4B, ATG7, ATG9A (Fig. 3E), ULK1, ATG2A, ATG2B, ATG5, ATG12, and BNIP3 (Supplementary Fig. S1) in GBM from TCGA database, highly suggesting that BCL2L13 mediates autophagy in GBM. This evidence concerns the gene ULK1 and glioblastoma.