Specifically, the discovery of trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1), which modulates dopamine transmission, marks a target for phenthylamines to exert direct control over dopaminergic neuron firing and release having implications for both the pathophysiology of, and treatment design for, disorders that involving aminergic dysregulation such as Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, mood disorders, and addiction44. The gene discussed is TAAR1; the disease is Parkinson disease.