In the case of testosterone, it is known to be one of the most active androgens and plays an important role in erythropoiesis and iron metabolism.[31] Testosterone is inhibited by hepcidin, a hormone synthesized by the liver that regulates iron absorption and mobilization, leading to increased serum free iron and increased serum ferritin concentrations.[32,33] In addition to hormonal factors, serum ferritin may be associated with the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR), chronic inflammatory diseases and tumors in older age groups.[34]. Here, HAMP is linked to Insulin resistance.