Beads enhanced cytokine release assay (BECRA) was subsequently tested and indicated the diagnostic promise of IFN-γ, IL-2, IP-10, and CCL11, as single markers and also in various combinations, for discriminating smear and/or culture-positive human pulmonary TB patients from both TST-positive and TST-negative healthy individuals (57). Here, CCL11 is linked to pulmonary tuberculosis.