Studying 40 early atherosclerosis patients without clinical cardiac events, authors reported that serum lutein was inversely associated with IL-6 and positively associated with IFN-γ, whereas zeaxanthin was related to expression of vascular adhesion molecules and ApoE, and lycopene were negatively correlated with vascular adhesion molecules and LDL (Xu et al., 2012). The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is atherosclerosis.