Higher Interleukin-6 plasma levels (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 1.405, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.079–1.829, p = 0.011) were associated with a higher risk of lung cavitation in the multivariable model adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, HIV status, smoking and previous history of TB. This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and tuberculosis.