AQP4 and epilepsy: Genetic biomarkers such as 5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT) receptor gene, sodium channel voltage-gated type I-alpha (SCN1A) gene, the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor gene, inwardly rectifying potassium channel (Kir4.1) gene, and aquaporin-4 (AQP4), along with inflammatory biomarkers including IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-2, can aid in the diagnosis of epilepsy (Symonds et al. 2017).