Mechanistically, pharmacologically blocking eIF5Ahpu or specifically knocking down the expression of Dhps gene through transduction of Lenti-shRNA particles significantly downregulated the expression of cancer stem cell (CSC)-regulatory genes, e.g., active-β-catenin (ABC), BMI-1, and NOCTH1/HES1 signaling pathway in OSCC cells (Figs. 3 and 4 and Supplementary Fig. 3). The gene discussed is BMI1; the disease is cancer.