We recently reported that a peptide derived from the human mitochondrial- and ER membrane-anchored NEET protein, Nutrient Autophagy Factor 1 (NAF-1; CISD2), containing an N-terminal transmembrane hydrophobic segment and a charged C-terminal part (NAF-144–67), selectively kills epithelial breast cancer cells without affecting control epithelial cells [15]. The gene discussed is NAF1; the disease is breast carcinoma.