We examined human postmortem tissue from individuals with late-stage AD (n = 32), age-matched control cases (n = 18), and midlife control cases (n = 10) without neurological disorders in two brain areas, the inferior temporal lobe (temporal cortex, BA20/21), which contains substantial Aβ and tau pathology, and the primary visual cortex (occipital cortex, BA17), which is affected later in dementia and contains less pathology than temporal cortex even at end stages of disease (information for human cases found in Table S1). The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is dementia.