While some of those genes encode proteins with a direct involvement in a DNA repair machinery, such as nucleotide excision repair (NER), others destabilize the genome by compromising the stability of the nuclear envelope, when lamin A is dysfunctional in Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) or regulate the DNA damage response (DDR) such as the ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) gene. This evidence concerns the gene ATM and Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome.